[BCNnet] Policy Council Report
Donald R. Dann
donniebird@yahoo.com
Fri, 14 Feb 2003 05:39:14 -0600
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Hi BCNnet friends-
These are the minutes from the most recent meeting, 12-02, of the Policy
Council of the American Bird Conservancy (ABC). Several prominent national
bird conservation issues are covered, including communication towers, wind
power, pesticides, MBTA funding and more. I think you’ll find it of
interest.
Donald
Donald R. Dann
60 Ravinoaks Lane
Highland Park, IL 60035
Ph/Fax: 847-266-2222
Cell: 847-997-1011
Email: donniebird@yahoo.com <mailto:donniebird@yahoo.com>
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<p class=3DMsoNormal><span class=3DEmailStyle15><font size=3D4 =
color=3Dblack
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span style=3D'font-size:14.0pt'><span =
style=3D'mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt'>Hi BCNnet friends-<o:p></o:p></span></span></font></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span class=3DEmailStyle15><font size=3D4 =
color=3Dblack
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span style=3D'font-size:14.0pt'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]></span><o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span class=3DEmailStyle15><font size=3D4 =
color=3Dblack
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span style=3D'font-size:14.0pt'><span =
style=3D'mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt'>These are the minutes from the most recent meeting, 12-02, of =
the Policy
Council of the American Bird Conservancy (ABC).<span =
style=3D"mso-spacerun:
yes"> </span>Several prominent national bird conservation issues =
are
covered, including communication towers, wind power, pesticides, MBTA =
funding
and more.<span style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>I think =
you’ll find it
of interest.<o:p></o:p></span></span></font></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span class=3DEmailStyle15><font size=3D4 =
color=3Dblack
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span style=3D'font-size:14.0pt'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]></span><o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span class=3DEmailStyle15><font size=3D4 =
color=3Dblack
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span style=3D'font-size:14.0pt'><span =
style=3D'mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt'>Donald<span style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> =
</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></font></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span class=3DEmailStyle15><font size=3D4 =
color=3Dblack
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span style=3D'font-size:14.0pt'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]></span><o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D4 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:14.0pt;color:black'><span =
style=3D'mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt'>Donald
R. Dann</span></span></font><font color=3Dblack><span =
style=3D'color:black;
mso-color-alt:windowtext'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D4 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:14.0pt;color:black'><span =
style=3D'mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt'>60
Ravinoaks Lane</span></span></font><font color=3Dblack><span =
style=3D'color:black;
mso-color-alt:windowtext'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D4 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:14.0pt;color:black'><span =
style=3D'mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt'>Highland
Park, IL 60035</span></span></font><font color=3Dblack><span =
style=3D'color:black;
mso-color-alt:windowtext'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D4 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:14.0pt;color:black'><span =
style=3D'mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt'>Ph/Fax:
847-266-2222</span></span></font><font color=3Dblack><span =
style=3D'color:black;
mso-color-alt:windowtext'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D4 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:14.0pt;color:black'><span =
style=3D'mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt'>Cell:
847-997-1011</span></span></font><font color=3Dblack><span =
style=3D'color:black;
mso-color-alt:windowtext'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D4 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:14.0pt;color:black'><span =
style=3D'mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt'>Email:<span
style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><a =
href=3D"mailto:donniebird@yahoo.com">donniebird@yahoo.com</a></span></spa=
n></font><span
class=3DEmailStyle15><font color=3Dblack> <o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
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{\author Gerald Winegrad}{\operator Gerald =
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\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs20 \tab =
}{\b\fs28 MINUTES OF THE POLICY COUNCIL MEETING}{\fs20=20
\par \tab \tab Thursday, December 12, 2002 10:00 a.m - 4:40 p.m.
\par \tab Conservation International, 6th Floor, 1919 M St., NW, =
Washington, DC 20036
\par=20
\par }{\b\fs20\ul Attendees: }{\fs20=20
\par American Bird Conservancy\tab \tab Patti Bright =
(pbright.abcbirds.org)
\par Staff:\tab \tab \tab \tab \tab Chip Chipley (rchipley@abcbirds.org)
\par \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab George Fenwick (gfenwick@abcbirds.org)
\par \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab Elise Larson (elarsen@abcbirds.org)
\par \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab Mike Parr (mparr@abcbirds.org)\tab=20
\par \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab Gavin Shire (gshire@abcbirds.org)
\par \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab Gerald Winegrad}{\fs20\cf17 =
(}{\field{\*\fldinst {\fs20 HYPERLINK "mailto:(gww@abcbirds.org)" =
}{\fs20 {\*\datafield=20
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6300620069007200640073002e006f00720067002900000000c18f}}}{\fldrslt =
{\cs68\fs20\cf17 gww@abcbirds.org)}}}{
\fs20\cf17=20
\par \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab Hana Young (}{\field{\*\fldinst {\fs20 =
HYPERLINK "mailto:(hyoung@abcbirds.org)" }{\fs20 {\*\datafield=20
00d0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b0200000003000000e0c9ea79f9bace118c8200a=
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4000610062006300620069007200640073002e006f00720067002900000000}}}{\fldrsl=
t {\cs68\fs20\cf17=20
hyoung@abcbirds.org)}}}{\fs20\cf17 }{\fs20=20
\par }\pard \ql =
\fi-3600\li3600\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\faauto\=
rin0\lin3600\itap0 {\fs20 American Bird Conservancy\tab \tab Paul Hagen =
(phagen@bdlaw.com)
\par Board: \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab Marc Weinberger =
(marcweinbe@aol.com)
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\fs20 =
American Birding Association: \tab \tab Paul Baicich (baicich@aba.org)
\par \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab Betty Petersen (bex@aba.org)\tab=20
\par American Ornithological Union: \tab \tab David Blockstein =
(oc@cnie.org)
\par \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab Ellen Paul (epaul@concentric.net)
\par American Wind Energy Association: \tab Tom Gram (tomgram@igc.org)
\par Association of Avian Veterinarians: \tab Glenn Olsen =
(glenn.olsen@usgs.gov)
\par Audubon Naturalist Society \tab Daphne Gemmill =
(gemmill@erols.com)=20
\par of the Mid-Atlantic States:
\par Audubon Pennsylvania: \tab Steve Hoffman =
(shoffman@audubon.org)
\par Baltimore Sun: \tab Dennis =
O\rquote Brien (dennis.obrien@baltsun.com)
\par }\pard \ql =
\fi-3600\li3600\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\faauto\=
rin0\lin3600\itap0 {\fs20 Bat Conservation International: \tab \tab John =
D. Mitchell=20
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\fs20 =
Cooper Ornithological Society: \tab Teresa Bucher =
(bucher@worldnet.att.net)
\par Defenders of Wildlife: \tab Aimee Delach =
(adelach@defenders.org)
\par \tab \tab \tab \tab Caroline Kennedy =
(ckennedy@defenders.org)
\par Delmarva Ornithological Society: \tab \tab Susan Peterson =
(peterson@pecs.com)
\par \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab Robert G.Rufe (rrufe1@aol.com)
\par }\pard \ql =
\fi-3600\li3600\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\faauto\=
rin0\lin3600\itap0 {\fs20 Ducks Unlimited: \tab \tab \tab Scott Yaich =
(syaich@ducks.org)
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\fs20 =
Edison Electric Institute/American \tab Rich Loughery =
(rloughery@eei.org)
\par Powerline Interaction Committee:
\par Environmental Defense: \tab Tim Male =
(tmale@enviornmentaldefense.org)
\par Fairfax Audubon Society: \tab Dex Hinckley =
(ecologist123@msn.com)
\par Gulf Coast Bird Observatory: \tab Chris Eberly =
(ceberly@dodpif.org)
\par International Association of Fish \tab Naomi Edelson =
(nedelson@880.org)
\par and Wildlife Agencies: \tab Rick =
Kearney(rkearney@880.org)
\par Lesser Slave Lake Bird Observatory: \tab Frank Fraser =
(birds@lslbo.org)
\par Maryland Department of Natural \tab Gwen Brewer =
(gbrewer@dnr.state.md.us)
\par Resources, Natural Heritage Program:
\par Maryland Ornithological Society: \tab \tab Daniel Boone =
(ddanboone@yahoo.com)
\par \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab Paul Zucker (president@mdbirds.org)
\par \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab Dan Southworth =
(dan.southworth@fairfaxcounty.gov)
\par \sect }\sectd =
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\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs20=20
Massachusetts Audubon Society: \tab Wayne R. Petersen =
(wpetersen@massaudubon.org)
\par National Audubon Society: \tab Perry Plumart =
(pplumart@audubon.org)
\par National Wildlife Federation: \tab Catherine Huvane =
(huvane@nwf.org)
\par New Jersey Audubon: \tab Eric Stiles =
(estiles@njaudubon.org)
\par Observers:\tab \tab \tab \tab Ken Cole =
(kcole20016@aol.com)
\par \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab Warren King (kinglet@together.net)
\par \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab Bill Young (wcyoung@starpower.net)
\par Pacific Seabird Group: \tab Malcolm Coutler =
(coutlerme@aol.com)
\par Point Reyes Bird Observatory: \tab Steven Latta =
(slatta@prbo.org)
\par Roger Tory Petersen Institute: \tab Jim Berry =
(jberry@rtpi.org)
\par Seattle Audubon: \tab Alex Morgan =
(alexm@seattleaudubon.org)
\par }\pard \ql =
\fi-3600\li3600\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\faauto\=
rin0\lin3600\itap0 {\fs20 Sierra Club: \tab \tab \tab \tab Debbie Boger =
(debbie.boger@sierraclub.org)
\par The Association of Field \tab \tab \tab Daphne Gemmill =
(gemmill@erols.com)
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\fs20 =
Ornithologists:
\par The Nature Conservancy:\tab \tab \tab Ann Bartuska =
(abartuska@tnc.org)
\par \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab David Mehlman (dmehlman@tnc.org)
\par \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab Bill Millan (bmillan@tnc.org)
\par }\pard \ql =
\fi-3600\li3600\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\faauto\=
rin0\lin3600\itap0 {\fs20 The Wildlife Society: \tab \tab \tab Caitlin =
Burke (caitlin@wildlife.org)
\par Trumpeter Swan Society: \tab \tab \tab Donna Hochin
\par University of California: \tab \tab \tab Michael Morrison =
(}{\field\flddirty{\*\fldinst {\fs20 HYPERLINK "mailto:mike@wmrs.edu" =
}{\fs20 {\*\datafield=20
00d0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b0200000003000000e0c9ea79f9bace118c8200a=
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720073002e00650064007500000000}}}{\fldrslt {\cs68\fs20\cf17 =
mike@wmrs.edu}}}{\fs20\cf17 )}{\fs20=20
\par University of Maryland: \tab \tab \tab William Hodos =
(whodos@psyc.umd.edu)
\par US Department of Defense, PIF: \tab \tab Chris Eberly, =
(ceberly@dodpif.org)
\par US Fish and Wildlife Service: \tab \tab Brian Miller =
(brian_a_miller@fws.gov)
\par US Fish and Wildlife Service, \tab \tab Al Manville =
(Albert.Manville@fws.gov)
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\fs20 =
Division of Migratory Birds:
\par US Forest Service: \tab \tab \tab Jack Capp (}{\fs20\cf17 =
jcapp@fs.fed.us}{\fs20 )
\par \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab Melissa Hearst (mhearst@fs.fed.us)
\par \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab Debbie Pressman (dpressman@fs.fed.us)
\par }\pard \ql =
\fi-3600\li3600\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\faauto\=
rin0\lin3600\itap0 {\fs20 \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab Bea Van Horne =
(bvanhorne@fs.fed.us)
\par US Geological Survey: \tab \tab \tab Ken Williams =
(byron_ken.williams@usgs.gov)
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\fs20 US =
State Department:\tab \tab \tab Roberta Chew }{\fs20\cf17 =
(}{\field\flddirty{\*\fldinst {\fs20 HYPERLINK =
"mailto:ChewRL@state.gov" }{\fs20 {\*\datafield=20
00d0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b0200000003000000e0c9ea79f9bace118c8200a=
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{\cs68\fs20\cf17 ChewRL@state.gov}}}{\fs20 )
\par \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab Antoinette Condo (condoaj@state.gov)
\par Waterbird Society:\tab \tab \tab Jim Kushlan (jkushlan@aol.com)
\par \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab Betty Ann Schreiber (schreiber@erols.com)
\par }\pard \ql =
\fi-3600\li3600\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\faauto\=
rin0\lin3600\itap0 {\fs20 West, Inc.: \tab \tab \tab \tab Wally Erickson =
(Werickson@west_inc.com)
\par Wildlife Management Institute: \tab \tab Jim Woehr (wmijw@aol.com)
\par World Wildlife Fund: \tab \tab \tab John Morrison =
(john.morrison@wwfus.org)
\par Zilkha Renewable Energy: \tab \tab Chris Taylor =
(ctaylor@zikha.com)}{\fs20\ul=20
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\fs20\ul=20
\par=20
\par }{\b\fs20\ul=20
\par Welcome and Introductions}{\fs20 =20
\par Perry Plumart, Vice Chair, convened the meeting at 10:00 a.m. at =
Conservation International in Washin
gton, DC and made introductory and welcoming comments. The minutes for =
the September 24, 2002 Policy Council meeting in New Orleans were =
unanimously approved without amendment. The December, 2002 issue of =
}{\i\fs20 Bird Calls}{\fs20=20
was distributed. Policy Council membe
rs were requested to submit story ideas and suggestions for how to =
improve the publication. The members nominated and approved a new Policy =
Council Chair, Jim Kushlan, to replace outgoing Chair Bruce Beehler. =
Jim Kushlan assume Chairing the meeting. Bru
ce Beehler and Conservation International were thanked for their =
assistance to ABC and the Council and for use of their facilities for =
the meetings.=20
\par=20
\par }{\b\fs20\ul Admission of New Member}{\fs20 .=20
\par Jim Kushlan next took up the application of the Mid Atlantic States =
Association of Avian Veterinarians. After discussion, the Council =
unanimously approved the admission of the Mid Atlantic States =
Association of Avian Veterinarians. =20
\par=20
\par }{\b\fs20\ul Changes in Admission Policy}{\fs20 .=20
\par The Council next took up a new membership admittance policy that =
the Membership Committee had approved and previously distributed to the =
Council members. After discussion, the following new membership policy =
was adopted by unanimous vote of the Council:=20
\par }\pard \ql =
\li0\ri0\sl-240\slmult0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\fs20 MOTION =
TO AMEND THE POLICY COUNCIL BYLAWS FOR ADMISSION OF NEW MEMBER
S: All applications for membership on the Policy Council shall be =
forwarded to the Policy Council Membership Committee for review prior to =
submission to the full Council for a vote on admission to the Council. =
Only those applications approved for admitta
n
ce by an affirmative majority vote of the membership committee shall be =
forwarded to the full Council for a vote. Applicants rejected by the =
Membership Committee shall be returned to the applicant notifying them =
that their application has not been accept
ed. DATED: December 12, 2002.=20
\par Members of the Membership Committee were approved and they were: =
Jim Kushlan, Perry Plumart, Daphne Gemmill, and Craig Harrison. \tab =
\tab =20
\par =20
\par }{\b\fs20\ul President\rquote s Report, George Fenwick (ABC). =
}{\fs20=20
\par George Fenwick thanked Bruce Beehler, the outgoing chair of the =
American Bird Conservancy\rquote=20
s Policy Council, for his services and welcomed the new chair, Jim =
Kushlan who represents the Waterbird Society. In his brief, eighth =
State of the Organization, Mr. Fenwick said that 85 organizations a
re now members of the Policy Council, the organization is ahead of =
budget, and that ABC has recently hired several new people, who will =
complement the excellent staff already on board. He put in a plug for =
the ABC Important Bird Area map and the forthcom
ing IBA book. The book has posed problems as the first publisher was =
bought out and then dropped the book. Random House has just agreed to =
publish it.\tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab =
\tab =20
\par }{\b\fs20\ul Avian Mortality at Communication Towers_Litigation to =
be Filed vs. FCC}{\fs20\ul , }{\b\fs20\ul Gerald Winegrad =
(ABC).}{\fs20\ul }{\fs20=20
\par After four years, very little progress has been made on this issue =
where towers are sprouting like weeds and many birds continue to lose =
their lives every year. For example, 10,000 birds were killed in one =
night in Kansas at communication towers
. After many meetings with government agencies from the Federal =
Communications Commission (FCC) to the Federal Aviation Administration =
(FAA) to the President\rquote=20
s Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ), and appealing individual =
towers in six different states
, ABC is going to take the FCC to court to force them to comply with =
NEPA, MBTA, and ESA. ABC has filed a petition with the FCC in the Gulf =
Coast region from Texas to Florida where 6,000 existing towers are =
located, and where the avian mortality evidence
=20
is strong. They will be filing shortly in two Federal courts due to =
jurisdictional questions. ABC is asking for a moratorium on tower =
construction until FCC does a complete Environmental Impact Statement =
(EIS) that includes mitigation measures. The FCC d
eclined to do an EIS in 1999 when requested by the Director of the FWS. =
Meanwhile, research projects go unfunded. One of ABC\rquote=20
s goals is to ensure that FCC reviews of tower applications include =
effects on migratory birds. Currently there is no public comm
ent period for many towers. FCC rubber stamps applications. The FCC is =
likely to play procedural games claiming NEPA does not apply to them and =
ABC and its partners have not exhausted their remedies in appealing the =
case through the FCC process, which co
u
ld take many years. In a report written and researched by ABC, 90% of =
the tower kills were night migrating neotropical birds with 51 species =
killed on the PIF Watch List or the FWS Species of Management Concern =
List, or both. Tennessee Warblers, a SOMC
, was number three in total kills.
\par Lit towers over 200' with guy wires seem to cause the most =
problems, especially on bad weather nights, especially the taller =
towers. FWS issued voluntary guidelines recommending that towers be =
co-located on existing stru
ctures so aviation safety lights are not necessary or be built under =
200' and as monopoles (no guy wires). White strobe lights and a low =
pulsation rate also are recommended to minimize bird kills. Broward =
County, Florida adopted a model communication to
w
er siting ordinance. A question was asked if the litigation could =
result in a backlash given the current Congress and Administration =
whereby the telecommunications community might use their influence for =
detrimental riders to other bills. This is a po
ssibility and we must be alert to it. Gerald is working with Senator =
Sarbanes\rquote=20
office to put language in the Interior funding bill to require a =
report on the bird kills and to fund pending research proposals through =
the Fish and Wildlife Service on birds=20
and tower kills which the National Fish and Wildlife Fund (NFWF) has =
agreed to match dollar for dollar. Nothing will happened until new =
Congress convenes.
\par \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab =20
\par }{\b\fs20\ul PANEL DISCUSSION: Wind Power__A Clean Source of =
Renewable Energy Vs. Avian Mortality At Turbines: Are There Bird =
Problems? }{\fs20=20
\par The panel represented five different views on the use of wind =
turbines as a renewable energy source and the impact on birds. =20
\par The first speaker was }{\b\fs20 Chris Taylor from Zilkha Renewable =
Energy}{\fs20 , wind energy developer.=20
He cited the current environmental impacts of conventional energy and =
then discussed the alternatives. 52% of current energy in the US comes =
from coal, 20% from gas and oil, and 20% from nuclear. Our current =
energy production has many negative environmen
t
al impacts: sulfur dioxide air emissions which contributes to acid rain =
that has been implicated in the decline of Wood Thrushes; and water =
pollution; degraded land; oil spills in transportation and extraction =
all impact birds. Natural gas may be a clean
=20
alternative but it still has significant carbon dioxide emissions, a =
greenhouse gas. For many reasons among them conservation, the Nation =
needs to move away from conventional energy sources. Wind energy is more =
cost effective than solar. Wind is distribu
t
ed well around the country. Geothermal is geographically limited, and =
bio mass conversion is not carbon neutral. The benefits of wind energy =
is that it is very clean, minimal ground disturbance, alternative income =
stream for rural land owners which can p
r
event conversion of farms to other more intensive uses. Wind could =
provide 20% of US electric supply. Constraints are where the wind is__on =
ridges or the coast. Other constraints are land use, visual, FAA =
lighting requirements, and habitat alteration.=20
Timing is an issue for the Federal Production Tax Credit expires in =
two years. Feature of new wind plants__underground lines to reduce =
perching opportunities, if overhead put guards so birds can not =
electrocute
\par themselves; reduce lighting, build without=20
guy wires for the wires kill more birds than the turbines; pre_project =
site assessment is critical to put turbines where birds are less likely =
to congregate. With 15,000 commercial wind turbines in US in 2001, a lot =
are old clunkers. Only 4_8000 are outs
i
de California. Avian mortality is roughly 0.01% and 0.02% from wind =
turbines of all human caused mortality. Species of course is important =
but over all an insignificant % in the scheme of things. =
Conclusions__wind is clearly preferable and favorable e
conomically. The industry is proactively addressing avian impacts =
through research mitigation.
\par \tab \tab \tab \tab =20
\par The second speaker }{\b\fs20 Dan Boone from the Maryland =
Ornithological Society}{\fs20 has been\tab monitoring avian migration =
down the western Maryland ridg
es. Mr. Boone along with Chan Robbins, a well_known ornithologist, are =
concerned over the impact on birds from wind turbines along ridges. Both =
have intervened in wind power farm siting projects in western Maryland =
that will cover about 20 miles of ridge=20
l
ine. They are concerned about lack of research on the impact on the =
birds that migrate down the ridges. Most of research on avian impacts =
have been in the West. No work has been done in the East, especially =
along prominent ridges like the Appalachians,=20
w
here the potential for wind power in the East is the greatest. Any =
research that has been done has been on shorter towers and on farmland, =
and not tall towers on ridges. The ones proposed will be aligned along =
the axis that the birds migrate. Birds most=20
l
ikely to be impacted are nocturnal migrants, mostly neotropical =
migrants. Whether turbines are spinning or not they may pose a threat =
to birds. Wind power projects have had no studies of impact on nocturnal =
migrants nor radar studies. Techniques exist to
=20
study the problem but none of the companies have employed this =
technology. Mr. Boone urged that we need to collect data before =
approval. The tax credit expires next year so there is great pressure =
to get the wind turbines sited. The proposed turbines a
r
e large and stick up above the canopy. The interveners are calling for =
a region wide analysis. US Fish and Wildlife Service has not played a =
leadership role on this issue. The one study prominently cited for the =
western Maryland towers is the work of =20
Paul Kerlinger whose work was based on 5 days of field work in July, a =
slow time of year for migration. Wind power in the East will compete =
with gas and not with coal for coal is still too cheap and area =
economies are dependant on it.. \tab \tab \tab=20
=20
\par=20
\par The third speaker, }{\b\fs20 Michael Morrison from the University =
of California}{\fs20=20
, was speaking as a private consultant who has worked for the National =
Renewable Energy Lab of the Department of Energy. He reviewed the =
history of one of the most studied wind farms in the Unite
d States, Altamont Pass in California and posed the question \'93is it =
an anomaly?\'94
Altamont was one of the first to raise concerns about bird kills, for =
approximately 40_50 Golden Eagles were killed along with 100s of other =
raptors, especially Red_tailed Haw
ks. This site had one of the highest avian mortality records for it was =
sited in rolling grasslands that had a prey base(ground squirrels) that =
attracted raptors. The birds perched on the lattice towers (though =
replacing with tube towers did not seem t
o
make a difference). At certain speeds they can not see the blades and =
flew into them. Apparently the tip speed seems to be the key. Some lab =
studies on topographic relief showed that 100% of the birds are killed =
by 30% of the turbines, especially thos
e
at the end of a row or when near the edge of a cliff, or where prey was =
readily available, such as low grass land area and over grazed land. =
More research is still needed to be able to undertake effective =
mitigation. Research topics might be on migratio
n
routes, painted blades (solid or UV), removal of prey, operation time, =
micro_site turbines, habitat alteration, or blade speed (rmp vs mph). =
As a result of the problems at Altamont, the Avian Subcommittee of the =
National Wind Coordinating Committee p
rovided a guidance document. A great deal has been learned in last 10 =
years. For each site, a decision will need to be made of how many kills =
are acceptable.=20
\par \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab =
\par The fourth speaker, }{\b\fs20 Wally Erickson of West, Inc.}{\fs20 , =
put avian mortality from w
ind turbines into perspective. Avian mortality sources__98 million to =
980 million birds killed by collisions with buildings, 10,000_174 =
million from power lines, 60_80 million from vehicles /roads, 100 =
million by cats, 70 million from pesticides,100 milli
o
n from oil spills, and 10_40,000 from wind turbines. Altamont figures =
show 0.04_0.10 raptor fatalities/turbine/year. New generation turbines =
have been modified to address the avian mortality issue with no guyed =
wires, few if any bird perching areas, up_w
i
nd blades, lower rpm and tip speeds greater than 200 mph, and =
underground electrical lines where possible. Significant changes are now =
being made in how the projects are laid out and monitored. While no =
background or reference mortality searchers are usu
a
lly conducted, fatality monitoring, carcass searches with fixed =
intervals between searches along with scavenger removal trials, search =
efficiency trials, corrections for bias estimated by season and =
size/class of birds. Buffalo Ridge, Minnesota did ba
c
kground search, estimated about 2 fatalities/turbine/year. 1 bird =
fatality/plot/year so about 1/3 in no turbine plat. Mixture of birds. =
50% nocturnal migrants. Mortality compared to passage rate appears =
very low. At new projects, passerines are by f
ar the greatest affected. Substantial empirical data from west and =
midwest. New generation turbines seem to have taken care of raptor =
mortality. Wind tower mortality relatively small level compared to =
other human causes.\tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab =20
\par The last speaker was }{\b\fs20 Al Manville from the U.S. Fish and =
Wildlife Service}{\fs20 . The Service would like to see cumulative =
impact studies which have yet to be done. Management challenge is lack
\par of data. Without a permit, killing of birds by wind towers is a =
violation of the MBTA. Law en
forcement is concerned but no actions have been taken. The Service =
prefers a partnership route to develop best practices. The FWS is =
developing wind turbine siting guidelines. Three structural issues are =
towers, lighting, and wind turbines. Wind powe
r
is the fastest growing energy sector in the world. Because the future =
of wind industry is very bright, the Service is concerned about =
lighting, and tip speed as well as locating turbines offshore (no =
research in this area). The Service is trying to ens
u
re that studies are done before it is too late. Department of Interior =
has renewable energy regulations on a fast track and the Service is =
supplying guidance on mitigating wildlife impacts. It will be important =
to have a site evaluation process to review
=20
sites before turbines are sited and placed. The guidelines have a =
section on assessment and monitoring impacts that will be included along =
with site development guidelines. A research component on such topics as =
weather, mortality, use of GIS, and season
al shutdowns is also part of the guidelines. Industry has spent over $6 =
m on research. =20
\par=20
\par Discussion: A major issue on the east coast is offshore mega =
turbines and the rush to get them sited. Mr. Boone raised the issue of =
boat traffic to service these tur
bines that may create additional impact in disturbing feeding behavior. =
Mr. Manville noted that their research on offshore activities showed no =
impact on sea ducks, and that loons, and Common Eiders will avoid such =
an area. A major research challenge is
=20
how do you do mortality studies at sea. The Service will attempt to =
develop guidance though they need to address land_based siting issues =
first. ABC has raised the need for more research as an issue that USFWS =
should address. Apparently, it is a low pri
o
rity for USGS. Ornithological Council representative said that there are =
funds in appropriations bill for USFWS and USGS to spend on towers and =
wind. The discussion then turned to costs and are the costs of =
technology so great that they tip the cost back=20
t
o conventional energy. Mr. Manville did not think so. A discussion =
ensued on whether the Production Tax Credit created an artificial =
deadline that the companies were using to their advantage in rushing =
projects through the pipeline. The tax credit prov
ision has been routinely renewed. Industry\rquote=20
s concern is that when it has expired everything stops, and people are =
laid off which creates problems even on long term development basis. One =
of the biggest problems is that financial institution want certainty a
nd the renewal issue created uncertainty. Apparently in Massachusetts =
offshore wind farm is proposed in an IBA area in Nantucket Sound that is =
a regular wintering area for sea fowl, late summer passage of Roseate =
Terns, and fall nocturnal migrants. Majo
r
concern is an episodic event. This concern must be factored into to =
the siting. Developers cite lack of data as not being a justification =
for excluding a location. It is like a gold rush: until there are =
guidelines everyone is trying to rush in. Same
companies that are proposing no preconstruction surveys are the ones =
doing the post-surveys. US Fish and Wildlife Service is aware of the =
situation as are numerous non_profit groups.}{\b\fs20\ul=20
\par Update on CARA and State Wildlife Funding, Pul Baicich =
(ABA).}{\fs20=20
\par Historicall
y, no funding has been available for 90% of state wildlife species, =
including birds. CARA proposed to solve this problem. The bill passed =
the House several years ago, but did not make it through the Senate. =
The American Wildlife Enhancement Act died in
=20
conference. The Wildlife Conservation and Restoration Program (WCRP), a =
mini-CARA, was limited to 2001 and in 2002 the funds excluded education =
and recreation. It will be important for Policy Council groups to =
monitor how the states are spending their f
u
nds. While adequate transition programs have been passed they are not a =
long range solution, which must be permanent funding, public =
participation, and inclusion of funds for education and recreation. The =
Senate version of Interior appropriations bill ha
d $60 million for state wildlife grants (CARA-lite) the same as in FY =
2002; the House passed version $100 million. This must be reconciled by =
a conference committee when the new Congress re-convenes in January.=20
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\fs20=20
\par }{\b\fs20\ul Luncheon Speaker: Bird Conservation Opportunities at =
the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Brian Millsap, Chief, Migratory =
Bird Management Office, FWS.}{\fs20 =20
\par Mr. Millsap has been in his position as chief of the Migratory Bird =
Management Office (MBMO) for 2 months. He has been interested in birds =
his en
tire life. In 1972 he received his bird banding license under Bill =
Clark, the founder of the Cape May hawk banding project. He received his =
BS from Colorado State University and a Masters in Biology with a thesis =
on the taxonomy of Gray Hawks. He has wo
rked for Bureau of Land Management, National Wildlife Federation and, =
most recently, as the non_game biologist for the State of Florida where =
he headed their non game and endangered species division.=20
\par=20
\par MBM Office has a rich history in collaborative manageme
nt. Waterfowl surveys provide excellent data for long term avian =
management. The Office needs to develop similar surveys for other avian =
groups for resource management for the future. MBMO can play a =
leadership role. Staff is extremely dedicated, sprea
d
too thin, and tremendously overworked. The major challenge the office =
faces is that they have four largely completed bird conservation plans =
and now have to implement them. Mr. Millsap would like to expand =
services but not at expense of existing programs
. The challenge will be how to do this without additional funding, for =
the Office\rquote=20
s budget has been stable while the workload has increased substantially. =
For example, costs to issue permits is $75,000 over budget just for =
administration; aircraft for su
rveys fly under an air safety exemption for they are so old. He is =
looking to groups such as represented on the ABC Policy Council to =
suggest innovative approaches, identify top priorities, address pressing =
issues, and participate in long range planning.
In response to the questions on the need for research for sound =
decision_making and role for the Office in incidental takings such as =
the pending FWS decision on a nationwide Double-crested Cormorant =
management plan, , Mr. Millsap\rquote=20
s response was that while
we need to strive for sound science by forming partnerships with other =
government bodies such as the US Geological Survey, that does not =
preclude politics as a factor. MBM can play a key role in rule making =
for incidental take by Federal agencies though
all interested parties should be involved as early as possible by the =
time a rule reaches the Federal Register. Then, it is very late to make =
changes.=20
\par \tab \tab=20
\par }{\b\fs20\ul Congressional Update, Perry Plumart , National =
Audubon.}{\fs20 =20
\par Mr. Plumart reviewed the current situation=20
on the Hill. From his perspective, the election was the Perfect =
Storm__both legislative and executive branches are now not =
environmentally friendly. The recently appointed chair of the Senate =
Environment and Public Works Committee has a very bad environ
m
ental record. Appropriations for FY 2003 will not be completed by the =
end of 2002 though they should be finished by State of Union speech. All =
discretionary programs will be on the table for budget cuts. His best =
guess is that the best funding scenarios=20
w
ould be the FY 03 budget, plus 1 % at most. Other areas of concern are =
the Department of Defense seeking exemption from the MBTA, modifications =
to the Endangered Species Act, Clean Water Act, Superfund, and RCRA; =
weakening the definition of wetlands; ope
ning ANWR to oil drilling, and tax breaks for extractive industries. =
The key to holding back the flood gates is going to be grass roots =
efforts. He urged ABC members to contact and meet with their elected =
officials about environmental issues.
\par=20
\par }{\b\fs20\ul Fenthion Litigation, Carbofuran, =
Brodifacoum/Rodenticides and Campaign to Stop Pesticides Killing Birds, =
Patti Bright, ABC.}{\fs20=20
\par The goal of the ABC Pesticides Program is to reduce or limit the =
use of pesticides that affect birds even when used in a legal manner. =
Curren
t projects are formation of the National Pesticide Coalition, reviews of =
pesticide registrations, and developing the AIMS pesticide incident data =
base, and an international pesticide use manual and guidelines. The new =
Pesticide Coalition is to be a count
e
rbalance to overwhelming industry influence in the pesticide regulatory =
process. The Coalition will bring together diverse organizations to =
share expertise and leverage resources. Non_industry stakeholders =
typically have had limited involvement, and th
e
n only late in the process. Industry representatives, on the other =
hand, have had strong influence in the process. They are well funded, =
receive support and resources from USDA, have powerful industry task =
forces, and dominate membership on EPA science=20
advisory committee. Almost all experts and technical data are supplied =
by industry. The new Coalition\rquote=20
s first meeting was held in November 2000 where resources and areas of =
expertise were identified within each group, as well as important policy =
issues t
o be addressed by EPA, priority pesticides issues, and other interest =
groups that might join the Coalition. They also developed a Coalition =
ListServe. Currently, Coalition members regularly meet with EPA, and =
are working to increase non_industry partici
pation in science advisory committees, and advocating for funding for =
the first full time USFWS pesticide registration position. USDA has 4 =
full time pesticide positions. The Coalition is also working on a =
\'93Red Alert\'94
system, a national non_industry stake
holders list, a local activist network, roladex of non_industry =
experts, network of political allies, and a network of nationwide press =
contacts. Some of the current issues are the effort to remove US Fish =
and Wildlife Service (USFWS) from pesticide rev
iews under the Endangered Species Act, and various pesticide =
registrations. Edosulfan and Diazinon (agricultural uses) are in =
comment periods. Other pesticide registrations of interest are =
Rodenticides (9 different chemicals),
\par Carbofuran (all forms coming=20
up for reregistration next year), and Fenthion (caused a bird kill on =
Marco Island, Florida with 200+ birds of 16 species). All of these =
bring in lots of money to pesticide producing companies so influencing =
the regulation process will be a challenge. A
B
C is working actively on Fenthion focusing on public out reach, working =
with CDC, Florida Department of Agriculture fenthion subcommittee, and =
pursuing legal action. ABC together with Defenders of Wildlife and =
Florida Wildlife Federation filed a federal=20
law suit against the EPA for EPA\rquote=20
s failure to consult with USFWS in violation of the ESA and the MBTA. =
EPA has 60 days to respond to the litigation filed in November. ABC =
would like for Policy Council member groups to become involved in the =
Pesticide Co
alition and the pesticide issue, and to help ABC reach out beyond =
environmental groups. ABC is looking at mitigation practices as a way =
to be more proactive and wants to develop a pesticide manual to give =
people alternatives, for which it is seeking fun
ding.=20
\par }{\b\fs20\ul=20
\par Conservation of the World\rquote s Largest Caspian Tern Colony, =
Efforts to Restrain Wildlife Services Killing Waterbirds, Alex Morgan, =
Seattle Audubon. }{\fs20=20
\par One of newest members of ABC, Seattle Audubon, has been working for =
four years to conserve the world\rquote=20
s largest Caspian Tern Colony. The issue is that terns are being blamed =
as predators of an endangered species, salmon. The conflict is the =
result of human intervention. Hydropower cut off salmon runs, and =
dredge spoil created habitat for terns. Anothe
r
interesting problem is that hatchery released salmon do not recognize =
terns as predators so swim near the surface and are snatched up. Terns =
are being made a scapegoat for salmon declines. Three major tern =
colonies in the Pacific Northwest are being des
t
royed, altered or developed. Seattle Audubon joined by ABC, National =
Audubon and Defenders of Wildlife filed a law suit to prevent hazing of =
birds and destruction of habitat. In April 2002 a settlement was =
reached that provided for 6.5 acres of suitab
l
e nesting habitat on East Sand Island until an Environmental Impact =
Statement and management plan are completed by March 2005 which will =
allow two more breeding seasons to gather more data. One concern is =
that to maintain suitable habitat for terns, grou
n
d preparation with tractors may be exchanged for pesticide control of =
vegetation that prevents nesting. Meanwhile, Seattle Audubon is looking =
to identify other nesting sites and trying to change the public =
perception that terns are the enemy while overlo
o
king habitat degradation and other human_induced changes as the real =
causes of salmon declines. 2002 was a very successful year for terns on =
East Sand Island__ 9,993 nesting pairs with approximately 10,715 =
fledglings. The area has been identified as an I
m
portant Bird Area (IBA) not just for the terns but also for the resident =
Double_crested Cormorants which may be genetically different than =
others, and 4,000 Brown Pelicans that are attempting to nest. What is =
next? Habitat is guaranteed until 2005 breed
i
ng season, and ownership decisions for E. Sand Island will be made in =
2003. Seattle Audubon would like the site to be incorporated into the =
refuge system, or placed in private hands. They are also looking for =
other Caspian Terns colony sites and have ide
n
tified four places. A major problem is the lack of data. What are =
birds eating? Where are they going and where are they nesting? =
Another issue is that many birds, not just terns, at dams are being =
shot. In 2002, Seattle Audubon filed a Freedom of Inf
ormation Act request to USDA\rquote=20
s Wildlife Services in Washington State. WS shot over 900 Caspian Terns =
at dams and hatcheries in Washington State in 2001. Other birds shot =
include Black_crowned Night_Herons, Belted Kingfishers, and mergansers. =
Federal Court
seems the likely outcome for Seattle Audubon has gotten the royal run =
around from WS just to get the data that they are collecting. Future of =
terns in Northwest is somewhat unclear.
\par=20
\par }{\b\fs20\ul Dealing with Invasive Species Impact on Birds: The =
Nature Conservancy Approach, Ann Bartuska, TNC. }{\fs20=20
\par The issue of controlling invasive species is gaining momentum. =
>From the introduction of West Nile Virus to Oak deaths in California, =
the issue is making the news for it is no longer just an ecological =
issue but economic and he
alth. In fact, invasive species is second only to habitat destruction as =
a threat to biodiversity for they threaten over 50% of endangered =
species. Birds play a major role as invaders, victims and carriers. =
Birds as invaders are cowbirds and starlings. =20
Birds impacted are crows and other species by West Nile virus and =
hummingbirds caught
\par in burdock. Birds are carriers for they eat invasive species =
berries such as Japanese barberry, commonly used horticultural plants =
that takes over the understory creatin
g a sterile environment. The Nature Conservancy has identified =
non_native, invasive species as one of the top global threats to =
biodiversity. The Conservancy is addressing this issue on four fronts =
at national and global scales__policy, capacity buildin
g, science (research), and management tools. The Conservancy is working =
through strategy_assessment, risk analysis, early detection, rapid
\par response, eradication, control, management, and restoration. We =
also include a strong science and education component
. The biggest return on investment is in prevention, early eradication, =
and large scale control. What can members of the ABC Policy Council do? =
They can identify pathways for introduced invasive species in their =
area, educate their members, become part
of a volunteer cadre on early detection, and support implementation of =
the National Invasive Species Management Plan and the 2004 federal =
budget for increased invasives funding. =20
\par=20
\par One of the best defenses is to increase the number of trained eyes =
and increase public awareness. TNC did a \'93bad plant\'94 press =
release. A question was asked on TNC\rquote=20
s position on non_native species that are already well established and =
gardeners who are planting non_native plants. The response was to go =
after those non_native spe
cies that have not become well established with the goal of moving from =
control and management, which is expensive, to detection and =
eradication. As for gardeners, member groups should encourage people to =
plant native. The Nursery Association issued a v
oluntary code of conduct to minimize and limit invasive species. Many =
of the Garden Clubs are addressing the issue and Botanical Gardens are =
taking an active role and working on training the trainers.
\par=20
\par }{\b\fs20\ul Albatross and Other Seabirds Mortality on Longlines: =
International and National Efforts to Mitigate Mortality, Roberta Chew, =
State Department, and Al Manville, FWS.}{\fs20 \tab=20
\par Roberta Chew: The State Department is addressing the issue of =
seabird mortality by integrating the issue of seabirds into all their =
bi-lateral d
iscussions on ocean conservation. They are taking a proactive role to =
meet with other countries to address this issue. The challenge is to =
get other countries to focus on this issue. Al Manville: They are =
working to have seabirds included in the defin
i
tion of by_catch under Magnuson_Stevens Act, for long_line fishing is =
the biggest threats to these birds. Under an international agreement, =
each nation will develop a national plan of action. USFWS has created a =
technical group to address specific issues
. This voluntary document will be a template for establishing National =
Marine Fisheries Service regulation. Final report has to go to FAO in =
2003. Funding for implementation will be an issue.
\par=20
\par }{\b\fs20\ul Role of USGS and BRD in Avian Research and =
Conservation, Ken Williams, Chief, USGS Cooperative Research =
Units.}{\fs20 =20
\par USGS has two delivery mechanism for avian research and =
conservation. The 17 biological science centers such as Patuxent =
Wildlife Research Center, and National Wetlands Research Centers and the =
Cooperati
ve Fish and Wildlife Units. These two delivery paths compliment each =
other and work in tandem. At the National level, they track and manage, =
through biological programs, invasive species and conduct wildlife =
research. Avian research is housed in the wil
d
life program. Each year $30 m goes to avian research, monitoring and =
information management and is delivered through the science centers and =
co-op units. A key effort is the North American Bird Conservation =
Initiative. USGS is a strong supporter of NABC
I
and its vision. USGS has identified a research initiative that includes =
monitoring habitat and populations, linkages, decision support, summary =
and assessment of data, adaptive management, and information management. =
Some of the specific projects are br
eeding bird counts, banding,
\par breeding waterfowl surveys, neck collaring, methods development, =
distance sampling, capture/recapture methodologies, extinction studies, =
colonization rate, and assessment of bird migration patterns. The job =
is larger than the resources available.
\par=20
\par }{\b\fs20\ul Member Issues and Announcements.}{\fs20 =
\tab \tab =20
\par Malcolm Coulter thanked Conservation International for letting ABC =
meet in their offices.
\par Frank Fraser of Lesser Slave Lake Bird Observatory (Alberta Canada) =
mentioned they are building a center to study boreal forest and they are =
looking for funding.=20
\par Betty Peterson of Birder\rquote s Exchange is looking for couriers =
to take donated optics to the tropics.
\par There is an upcoming work shop in South America on conservation of =
bir
ds that will develop a hemispheric strategy. Paul Baicich suggested =
that ABC Council members bring shade grown coffee as a house gift or to =
serve at holiday parties. A November workshop on horseshoe crabs and =
shorebirds in Delaware Bay was held and cons
ervationists and many scientists agreed that too many horseshoe crabs =
are still harvested. Red Knot (}{\i\fs20 Rufa}{\fs20=20
) populations have dropped by 51% in last few years and many birds are =
not increasing body weight during the Delaware Bay stopover because of =
the scar
city of enough horseshoe crab eggs. This negatively impacts the birds =
ability to successfully fly to the Arctic and successfully breed.=20
\par=20
\par The issue of the greatest environmental problem facing us\endash =
humans overpopulation-should be discussed through ABC and the Council. =
George Fenwick noted that ABC has not found an angle in how to tie this =
to bird conservation.
\par=20
\par }{\b\fs20\ul Next Meeting}{\fs20 . =20
\par The next Policy Council meeting was set for Thursday March 13, 2003 =
in Washington, DC. Exact location will be determined. =
=20
\par At 4:40 p.m. the Chair adjourned the meeting and invited everyone =
to the ABC Holiday Party. \tab \tab \tab \tab=20
\par=20
\par=20
\par }}
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